Explores in depth policies of redress for intergroup disparities or inequality across countries. Examination of policies that attempt to systematically correct differences across racial/ethnic groups in income, wealth, health, rates of incarceration, political participation, and educational attainment, e.g. affirmative action, land redistribution, parental school choice, and income redistribution measures in a number of countries including India, the United States, Brazil, Malaysia, Chile, and South Africa. Address question of why intergroup differences in outcomes should be viewed as a social problem.